HISTORY 212

DR. WEISS

I.  PLEASE DO ONE AND ONLY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. PLEASE KNOW THAT YOUR ANSWERS WILL BE GRADED BY THEIR ACCURACY, CONTENT AND CLARITY. (40 POINTS) THIS EXAM IS DUE BY APRIL 10, 2021.

1.  HOW DID GERMANY AND ITALY ACHIEVE NATIONHOOD? HOW DID CAVOUR USE NAPOLEON III (OR DID NAPOLEON III USE HIM) AND HOW DID BISMARCK WEAKEN FRANCE TO BUILD A MODERN GERMANY?

2. DISCUSS THE IDEOLOGIES OF CHANGE THAT EVOLVED DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN EUROPE. INCLUDE THE MAIN DOCTRINES OF MARXISM , LIBERALISM AND NATIONALISM, AS WELL AS RACISM(THE NEGATIVE SIDE OF NATIONALISM) IN YOUR ANSWER. BE AS THROUGH AS POSSIBLE.

II.  PLEASE DO TWO OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS (SHORT ANSWER, 30 POINTS EACH):

1. ROMANTICISM WAS A CULTURAL MOVEMENT IN WESTERN CIVILIZATION THAT REACTED AND REBELLED AGAINST THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. FEELINGS AND IMAGINATION RULED OVER REASON. DISCUSS TWO WRITERSAND/OR PAINTERS OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD.  Examples of Romantic painters are in course materials in BB.

2.WHAT WAS THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA AND HOW DID EUROPEANS JUSTIFY THEIR DESIRE TO CONTROL GLOBAL TERRITORIES AND THEIR GREED?

3. SINCE CONDITIONS WRE SO TERRIBLE FOR THE LABORORS IN GREAT BRITAIN BY THE MID NINETEENTH CENTURY, WHY DID NOT MARXIST COMMUNISM TAKE HOLD THERE?

4. HOW WERE THE MIDDLE CLASSES DEPICTED IN ART AND LITERATURE DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY—DISCUSS, HENRIK IBSEN AND ALSO TWO EXAMPLES OF IMPRESSIONIST PAINTING, WHICH YOU CAN SEE IN YOUR COURSE MATERIALS AS I HAVE GIVEN A POWERPOINT THERE OF IMPRESSIONISM.

5. WHAT IS ‘REALPOLITIK’ AND HOW DID BISMARCK USE IT TO ACIEVE SUCCESS?