Category: Environmental Studies

Studies of planetary and natural history reveal that human beings evolved from other forms of life and are, clearly, part of the complex web of life and nature. However, some human societies developed the concept that humans were above nature and had been given dominion over it. The concept that developed was that man was above and separate from nature. Man was supposed to enslave nature, and squeeze from it, all of its ‘‘fruits’’. So, new forms of progress emerged based on the enslavement and domination of the nature.

April 23, 2018

in the process of humans moving around the world, they have transported other organisms around the world. Some species were intentionally moved, such as bringing livestock and food with them. Other species were accidentally moved, such as stowaway rats that followed the humans. A native (indigenous) species is one that occurred naturally in a habitat before humans migrated to the area. Thus a species is native to a particular area and habitat.

April 16, 2018

Socialist economies suppressed positional goods by decree, redistribution and forced collectivization. But positional competition resurfaced into competition for positions in the bureaucracy and for scarce goods from the West. Some ancient societies channelled competition to symbolic sports events, potlatches and gift-giving. Anthropologists have documented also how in primitive egalitarian societies positions existed, yet they were not that important, either because they rotated, or because they were socially controlled and reprimanded, making sure that no individual or group accumulated too much power

April 14, 2018

Care is the daily action performed by human beings for their welfare and for the welfare of their community. Here, community refers to the ensemble of people within proximity and with which every human being lives, such as the family, friendships or the neighbourhood. In these spaces, as well in the society as a whole, an enormous quantity of work is devoted to sustenance, reproduction and the contentment of human relations. Unpaid work is the term used in to account for the free work devoted to such tasks.feminist economics Feminists have denounced for years the undervaluation of work for bodily and personal care, and the related undervaluation of the subjects delegated to undertake it, i.e. women

April 14, 2018

The twists and turns of degrowth The term ‘ ’ (French for degrowth) was used for the first time by French intellectual André Gorzdécroissance in 1972. Gorz posed a question that remains at the centre of today’s degrowth debate: ‘Is the earth’s balance, for which no-growth – or even degrowth – of material production is a necessary condition, compatible with the survival of the capitalist system?’ (Gorz, 1972: iv). Other Francophone authors then used the term in the follow-up to ‘The Limits to Growth’ report (Meadows 1972). Philosopher André Amar (1973) foret al. example, wrote on for an issue on ‘ ’ of theLa croissance et le problème moral1 Les objecteurs de croissance journal .NEF Cahiers

April 14, 2018

Energy consumption consists of two parts. The first is necessary for the conservation and the reproduction of life. The second is used for non-productive expenditures: luxury, mourning, war, religion, games, spectacles, the arts, perverse sexual activity. All told, these activities – qualified as – are ends in themselves.dépense Any society has an excess of energy, defined precisely as all that energy that is not needed for the mere reproduction of life.

April 14, 2018

The relationship between port growth, economic development and foreign trade is examined in detail. The article argues that the success of urban development in Shanghai results from both the favourable market opportunities and the rational urban development strategies pursued by the city government of Shanghai

April 6, 2018

Accra’s expansion can be characterized as a quality residential sprawl resulting in a unicentric urban form. Local forces have interacted with global forces, and human agents have taken advantage of what has been provided.

April 6, 2018

Think about your current or former place of employment. What are some chemical and/or biological hazards that you might have come in contact with there?

March 29, 2018

Is sufficient access and working space provided and maintained around all electrical equipment to permit ready and safe operations and maintenance?

March 25, 2018

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